Speed-changer.



PATENTED MAR. 31

W. L. SGHELLBNBAGH.

SPEED CHANGER. APPLICATION rum JUNE 4, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

H0 MODEL.

so I Inventor Witnesses: I J; M. s.

Attorney m: uowms Perms cc mnaumu'. vnsHmo'mN, u c

UNITED States- LATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM L. SCHELLENBACH, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE NATIONAL MACHINE TOOL COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO.

SPEED-CHANGER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 723,926, dated March 31, 1903.

Application filed June 4, 1902. Serial No. 110,152. tNo model? To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM L. SCHELLEN- BACH, a citizen of the United States, residing in Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed-Changereof which the following is a specification.

This invention, pertaining to improvements in speedbhangers of gear type, will be readily understood from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which-- 7 Figure 1 is a front elevation of a speedohanger embodying an exemplification ofmy present improvements; Fig. 2, avertical longitudinal central section of the same; Fig. 3, an end elevation as at the right-hand end of Fig. 1, parts appearing in vertical section;

Fig. 4, a front elevation of parts seen at the right-hand of Fig. 1, lever 47 being removed; Fig. 5, an end elevation of certain parts appearing at the left-hand end of Fig.1; Fig. 6, a face view of clutch-ring 17; .Fig. 7, a plan view of the same with its expanding device; Fig. 8, a face view of clutch-ring 37; and Fig. 9, a plan of the same, together with its expanding device.

Consult United States Letters Patent No. 683,003, granted September 17, 190-1, to my assignee, The National Machine Tool. Company, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for variablespeed mechanism, which patent will be herein referred to as my earlier patent.

In the drawings, 1 indicates the general framework or hanger structure to furnish bearings and support for the moving parts; 2, the-driving-shaft, which, being in motion, is to transmit rotation to a driven shaft at selective speeds; 3, an endwise extension of shaft 2, later on denominated the drivingshaft; 4, a tongue-and-groove coupling uniting parts 2 and 3 of the driving-shaft and perlnitting part 3 to. have a certain amount of longitudinal motion independeutwof part 2, the presence of such coupling being, however, merely incident to the desire to provide for conditions wherelongitudinal motion of the entire driving-shaft would be undesirable, this coupling being hereinafter generally ig: nored and part 3 being considered as the driving-shaft; 5, the driven shaft, being the "shaft to which selectivespeeds are to be given from the constant-speeddriving-shaft; 6, one of the-bearings of the driving-shaft, supported bythe general framework; 7, a second hearing for the driving-shaft, supporting the tail end of part 3 of the. driving-shaft; 8, a supporting-bearing for thedriven shaft; 9, a second supporting-bearing for the driven shaft; 10, a bushing turning in bearing 6 and fast on part 2 of the driving-shaft and having at its inner end a collar engaging outwardly against bearing 6; 11, a non-rotary bushing disposed within bearing 7 and furnishing the bearing proper for the tail end of the driving-shaft, this bushing being capable of longitudinal motion in bearing 7; 12, a pinion fast with shaft 3 and running against the inner end of bushing 11; 13, a collar fast on shaft 3 and engaging the outer end of bushing 11, whereby shaft 3 is collar-bound on bushing 11 and compelled to move endwise with it; 14, a group of seven diversely-sized gears united so as to turn together as a whole and mounted loosely on shaft 3 and taking an end bearing against the inner end of bearing 7;

15, a cage surrounding shaft 3 between the inner end of bearing 6 and the contiguous end of the group of gears 14, this cage taking the form of a circumferential series of rods engaging a washer at their inner ends, this cage serving as a mere expedient for putting end thrust of the group of gears to hearing 6 without entirely inclosingthat portion of the shaft lying between the gears and the hearing; 16, a counterbore in the face of that one of gears 14 lying nearest the bearing 6; 17, a gapped expausible friction-ring lying within this counterbore; 18, a wedge carrier fast on shaft 3 in the space between bearing 6 and the contiguous end of the group of gears 14,-this carrier being pierced for free longitudinal play on rods 15; 19,51. wedge carried by the wedgc-carrierlS and engaging the gap of friction-ring l7 and serving to expand the friction-ring by an outward movement of the wedge, the Construction being clearly shown in Figs. 6 and 7 and being obviously such that if shaft 3 be moved to the right a trifle it will effect the locking of the group of loose gears 14 to the shaft; 20, a rocker-shaft carried by the framing below bushing 11; 21, a

- bores with dog-notches, so that they m ay take position eccentric to their shaft and be out of engagement with their mating gears on the driving-shaft, as in my earlier patent; 24, chairs supported by the framing and engaging the hubs of these gears and supporting them When in idle eccentric position, as in my earlier patent; 25, the dog-notches in the hubs of gears 23; 26, a sliding head splined on driven shaft 5, so as to slide through the series of gears 23 and having a diameter to fit the bores of those gears and having tapering ends, so as in sliding along the shaft to suecessively lift the gears 23 and center them one at a time upon the driving-shaft and hold the selected gear in mesh with its mating gear on the driving-shaft, as in my earlier patent; 27, a spring-dog carried by the sliding head and adapted to engage the dognotches of gears 23; 28, a sleeve loose upon driving-shaft 5 and adapted to slide thereon through the series of gears 23 and-also through bearing 8, to which the sleeve is splined to prevent rotation; 29, a gear supported by the framing and engaging rack-teeth on sleeve 28, so that the turning of the gear may serve in adjusting the sleeve endwise; 30, asheave on the shaft of gear 29 to serve as means by which the sleeve may be adjusted through the medium of a hand-rope, which will be found a convenience if the general device is employed as an overhead structure; 31, a circumferential series of index-marks on a beveled portion of the rim of sheave 30, there being as many of these marks as there are speed changes provided forin the general system--eight in the present case-the illustrated. device providing for aspeed in addition to those within the capacity of the selective gears thus far referred to; 32, a pointer carried by the framing and adapted to point selectively to the index-marks 31 on the sheave, so as to indicate the condition of adjustment of sleeve 28; 33, an internally-grooved semicircular enlargement on the end of sleeve 28, engaging a groove in the hub of sliding head 26, whereby the turning of the sheave shift-s ing the hub of gear 34 and supporting that gear in its proper permanent position, while leaving it free to turn; 36, acounterbore in the outer end of the hub of gear 34; 37, a gapped expansible friction-ring engaging this counterbore; 38, aWedge-carrier splined on driven shaft 5 outwardly beyond friction-ring 37;

39, a wedge carried by wedge-carrier 38 and engaging the gap of friction-ring 37 and s'erving to expand that ring by inward movement of the wedge, as will be clear from Figs. Sand 9; 40, an interiorlygrooved saddle engaging a circumferential collar and groove of wedgecarrier 38; 41, a forked rocker fast with rockers 21 and 22 and engaging saddle 40 and serving as the rockers move to expand or contract friction-ring 37, and thus lock gear 34 to or unlock it from driven shaft 5; 42, a series of lock-notches in the face of gear 29, one for each of the selective gears of the driven shaft; 43, a bolt slidable to and from the face of gear 29 and having at its inner end a roller adapted to engage selectively in the notches 42; 44, an outward but separate prolongation of that bolt; 45, a spring acting between bolt parts 43 and 44 and tending to urge them apart; 46, a lever pivoted to the framing and adapted to have attached to it any suitable extension or the like to provide for its opera tion by hand,.such extension generally taking the form of a wooden bar; 47, an extension of this lever upwardly beyond its pivot of oscillation; 48, a link connecting lever 47 with rocker 22; 49, a beveled spur projecting from the inner face of arm 46 in line with bolt part 44, this spur being formed by the inner end of a screw in the arm, whereby the projection of the spur maybe adjusted, and 50 a spur projecting from the outer end of bolt part 44.

With the parts in the position seen in Fig. 3 the roller of bolt 43 is in engagement with one of the lock-notches 42 and held there by spring 45; but the spring will yield and permitthe roller to retreat, so as not to interfere with the turning of gear 29 in adjusting the sleeve 28 for the purpose of changing speed; but if arm 46 he rocked to such position that spur 49 will come opposite spur 50 then bolt part 44 will be forced inwardly against bolt part 43, and thus prevent the retreat of the roller or the unlocking of gear 29. It follows that the shifting of the dog from one selected gear to another can only be accomplished when arm 46 is in a position leaving bolt part 43 free for retreat. Again, arm 46 beingin the position indicated in Fig.3-thatis to say,wit-h spurs 49 and 50 not opposing each other and with the roller in one of locking-notches 42+- arm 46 may be swung upon its pivot, spur 49 passing and overriding spur 50, which yields inwardly to permit of the movement; but if gear 29 be turned to some intermediate posi tion, so that the roller comes between two of the lock notches, then holtpart 43 will be held rigidly outward against bolt part 44 and spur 50 will not be able to retreat to permit the rocking of arm 46. It follows that arm 46 can he rocked only when gear 29 is in some posi tion of full adj ustment-that is to say, when the dog is in proper position for engagement with one of the selective gearson the driven At the same time wedge 39 will expand friction-ring 37 and lock gear 34 to the driven shaft. Link 48 connects rocker 22 with arm 46 through the medium of arm 47, and arm 46 controlling and being controlled by locknotches 42 in the dog-adjusting gear 29 it follows that the two clutches likewise control and are controlled by the dog-adjusting gear.

An interlocking system is thus provided, the.

purpose of which will now be explained. In any speed-changer of the geared type it is unwise to change speed while the gears are in motion at high rate, owing to the violent shocks produced, often resulting in damage. My invention guards this matter by providing either that the part shall be at rest or moving very slowly when the adjustment for change of speed is being made.

Turn to Fig. 2 and assume that the parts are in regular motion, but that. the dog instead of engaging gear 34, as shown, is in engagement with the extreme right-hand gear of series 23, this representing the highest speed for the driven shaft. Friction-ring 17 is expanded, for it is by this means that shaft 3 drives the gears 14. Friction-ring 37 is contracted, for gear 34 instead of turning at the same rate as the driven shaft is turning at the rate due to the pinion 12, which drives it continuously. The dog being in engagement.

with its gear and locking it to the driven shaft is held in position corresponding with that gear by the roller of the bolt engaging the appropriate lock-notch in the dog-shifttempt be made to turn dog-adjusting gear-29,.

it will fail, for that gearis locked by the bolt work, which m ust be released before the dog can be shifted to another gear. The only way to release the boltwork is to shift arm 46 to the right, and this is to be done by moving that arm by hand through any suitable attach: ment which may be provided or throughany attachment which may be provided to any part of the connected rocker system moving with that arm. The shifting of arm 46, to the right results in shifting rocker 22 to the left, resulting in the endwise movement of shaft 3 and the release of friction-ring 17 and the unlocking of all the gears 14 from shaft 3,

the consequence being that, so far as gears 14 are concerned, the driven shaft may come to rest, and the boltwork having become unlockedthe dog may be shifted to the newly. selected gear. Under these conditions the change of speed has been effected while the gears are at rest. If after starting on the adjustment of the dog it be left unfinished and an attempt be made to again lock gears 14 to the driving-shaft, the attempt-will fail, for

the rockers cannot be shifted to expand ring 17 until the dog is in some full-gear position, so as to bring one of lock-notches 42 opposite the roller of the bolt; but the adjust. ment for speed having been completed by fully shifting the dog to the newly-selected gear the roller engages a notch and permits the shifting of the rockers and the expansion driven shaft under slow-motion conditions I and then the rockers shifted to release gear 34 from the driven shaft and lock gears 14 to the driving-shaft and cause the driven shaft to go into full motion, due to the newly-selected gear.

It is to be observed that gear 34, while a constantly-turning gear, is available as one of the selective gears of the system, the shifts ing of the dog to that gear causing it to be positively locked to thedriven shaft thereby,

as well as by clutch-ring 37. In the illustration the gears upon the two shafts, respectively, are arranged in descendingorder or cone form; but this is not essential, nor is any special number of gears essential. clutches constitute the preferable type .for connecting the driving-gears with the driving'shaft and for connecting the slow-motion gear with the driven shaft, and'the particular construction shown has proven a satisfactory embodiment of my invention, which, however, well lends itself to numerous modi- Frictionfications in arrangement and structural dey tails. The clutching device employed. for

effectingthe selective changesof speed,-.as exemplified in the sliding clutch 27,: may: for the sake of brevity be called the main clutch, regardless of the particularconstruction of this part of the system and regardless ofhow-iteifects the selection of the gear through which the transmission of motion is to take place. The clutch for arresting the motion of the general gearing while the driving-shaft continues to turn, as exemplified in clutch-ring 17, may for the sake of brevity be called the secondary clutch. The clutch employed for connecting only the slow motion gearing may for the sake of brevity be termed the special clutch. The shafts 2 and 5 have been termed the driving and driven shafts, respectively; but their assumed offices are in many cases susceptible of transposition, it being borne in mind, however, that if the special slow-motion system is employed its gearing must be arranged to give reduced motion to the shaft that is driven, whichever shaft of the pair that may be. It is to be borne in mind that the particular construction set forth is merely a single exemplification of my invention, constituting the best manner in which I at present contemplate applying the principle of that invention. I

I claim as my invention-- 1. Inaspeed-changer,thecombination,substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary clutch device serving to simultaneously lock the driving-shaft to or unlock it from all the selective gears carried by it.

2. Inaspeed-changer,thecombination,substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diversely-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause aselected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary friction-clutch device serving to simultaneously lock the driving-shaft to or unlock it from all the selective gears carried by it.

3. Inaspeed-cl1anger,tl1ecombination,substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diversely-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a connection between the selective gears on the driving-shaft to cause them to form an integral group, and a secondary clutch device connecting the driving-shaft and one of the gears of said group and serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from said group of gears.

4. In a SPQBGCIIELHgGIQLhG combination,substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diversely-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a shifter for moving said main clutch device to selective mating gears, a lock to hold said shifter in selected position of full adjustment, a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, and a restraining part connected with said lock and secondary clutch device and serving to prevent the release of the look while the secondary clutch device is engaged.

5. In aspeed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverscly-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft,

of a shifter for moving said main clutch device to selective mating gears, a lock to hold said shifter in selected position of full adjustment, a secondary clutch device serving o lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, and a restraining part connected with said lock and secondary clutch device and serving to prevent the engagement of the secondary clutch device while the shifter is in position of partial adjustment.

6. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diversely-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a shifter for moving said main clutch device to selective mating gears, alock to hold said shifter in selected position of full adjustment, a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, and a restraining part connected with said lock and secondary clutch device and serving to prevent the release of the look while the secondary clutch device is engaged.

7. In aspeed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diversely-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, and mechanism connected with the two clutch devices to prevent the shifting of the main clutch device While the secondary clutch is engaged.

S. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diversely-sized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, and mechanism connected with the two clutch devices to prevent the shifting of the main clutch device while the secondary clutch is engaged or the engagement of the secondary clutch While the main clutch device is in inactive position.

9. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a special clutch device serving to render active upon the driven shaft the slowest-motion pair of gears of the system.

10. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantiallyas set forth, with drivingshaft,a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, and a special clutch device serving to render active upon the driven shaft the slowest-motion pair of gears of the system.

11. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondaryhclutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gears carried by it, a special clutch device serving to render active upon the driven shaft the'slowest-motion pair of gears of the system, and mechanism connected with the three clutch devices to prevent the simultaneous engagement of the'secondary clutch and special clutch or the engagement of the secondary clutch while the main clutch device is in inactive position.

12. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, a pinion fast thereon, a group of diverselysized driving-gears loose on said shaft, a driven shaft, a group of driven gears loose on the driven shaft and mating with the drivinggears, a main clutch device to lock the driven gears selectively to the driven shaft, a secondary clutch to lock the driving-gears to the driving-shaft, and a special clutch to lock to'the driven shaft the gear driven by said pinion.

and interlocking devices to prevent the shifting of the main clutch device while the secondary clutch is engaged.

14. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, a pinion fast thereon, a group of diverselysized driving gears loose on said shaft, a driven shaft, agroup of driven gears loose on ondary clutch is engagedor the engagem ntof the secondary clutch, while the main clutch is in non-engageable position.

15. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, united diverse-sized d riving-gears loose thereon, means for preventing end motion of said gears, a clutch engaging one of saidgears to serve in looking them to their shaft, a clutchengaging member fast on said shaft and acting by endwise movement, means for moving said shaft endwise, a driven shaft, driven gears thereon to mate with the driving-gears,

and a clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active on the driven shaft.

16. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, united diverse-si zed driving-gears loose thereon, means for preventing endmotion of said gears, a clutch engaging one of said gears to serve in looking them to their shaft, a clutchengaging member fast on said shaft and acting by endwise movement, means for moving said shaft endwise, a driven shaft, driven gears thereon to mate with the driving-gears, a clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active on the driven shaft, a driving-shaft extension engaging said drivingshaft by a coupling permitting relative endwise motion of the coupled shaft members, and means for restraining the endwise motion of saidextension.

17. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, united diverse-sized driving-gears loose thereon, a bearing, means for preventing end motion of said gears comprising rods extending from one end of the group of gears to the bearing, a clutch engaging one of said gears to serve in locking them to their shaft, a clutch-engaging member fast on said shaft and free to slide on said rods and acting by endwise movement, means for moving said shaft endwise, a driven shaft, driven gears thereon to mate with the driving-gears, and a clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active on the driven shaft.

18. In a speedchanger, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main selective pairs of wheels, and a fixed pointer cooperating with said index-marks.

' 19. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft,a beveled-faced sheave-wheel for shifting the main clutch to selective pairs of mating gears, connections from said wheel to the clutch, index-marks on the beveled portion of the Wheel corresponding with the selective pairs of wheels, and a fixed pointer cooperating with said index-marks.

20. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, a sliding head splined on the driven shaft and carrying the main clutch and having a grooved hub, a non-rotary sleeve on the driven shaft and having a flanged semicircular enlargement engaging said hub, and means for shifting said sleeve endwise.

21. In a spee lchanger, the combination, substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gear carried by it, a racked sleeve sliding on the driven shaft and serving to shift the main clutch, a gear engaging said sleeve and having a lock-notch for each selective pair of gears, means for turning said gear, asliding bolt part adapted to engage and ride out of said notches, a second bolt part, a spring tending to separate the two bolt parts, a swinging arm, a spur on the arm to prevent the retreat of the bolt parts, and connections between said arm and secondary clutch device.

22. In a speed-changer, the combination substantially as set forth, with a drivingshaft, a driven shaft, a plurality of diverselysized mating gears on each shaft, and a main clutch device to cause a selected pair masses of the mating gears to become active upon the driven shaft, of a secondary clutch device serving to lock the driving-shaft to and unlock it from the selective gear carried by it, a racked sleeve sliding on the driven shaft and-serving to shift the main clutch, a gear engaging said sleeve and havinga lock-notch for each selective pair of gears, means for turning said gear, a sliding bolt part adapted to engage and ride out of said notches, a sec ond bolt part, a spring tending to separate the two bolt parts, a swinging arm, coacting spurs on the arm and second bolt part to alternatively prevent the swinging of the arm or the retreat of the bolt parts, and connections between said arm and secondary clutch device.

23. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, a group of loose diversely-sized drivinggears carried thereby, a fast pinion on said shaft, a driven shaft, a group of driven gears on the driven shaft and having bores larger than their shaft and adapted to engage with or disengage the driving-gears, chairs support.- ing thedriven gears, a clutch to engage the driven gears and make them selectively active, a loose driven gear permanently engaging the pinion, a clutch to lock the last-mentioned gear to the driven shaft, and a clutch to lock the driving-gears to the driving-shaft.

24:. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of adriving-shafr, a driven shaft, selective gearing carried by and connecting the two shafts and serving in changing the speed ratio, means for causing selected gears to become active on the driven shaft, and a clutch device connecting the driving-shaft with the general gearing of the system.

25. In a speed-changer, the combination, substantially as set forth, of a driving-shaft, a driven shaft, selective gearing carried by and connecting the two shafts and serving in changing the speed ratio, means for causing selected gears to become active on the driven shaft, and a friction clutch device connecting the driving-shaft with the general gearing of the system.

WVILLIAM L. SOHELLENBAOH.

Witnesses:

E. R. SHIPLEY, M. S. BELDEN. 

